منابع مشابه
The Reliability Of Anaphoric Annotation, Reconsidered: Taking Ambiguity Into Account
We report the results of a study of the reliability of anaphoric annotation which (i) involved a substantial number of naive subjects, (ii) used Krippendorff’s α instead of K to measure agreement, as recently proposed by Passonneau, and (iii) allowed annotators to mark anaphoric expressions as ambiguous.
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Consider the following choice problem, known as “Ellsberg’s three-color urn example”, or simply the “Ellsberg Paradox” (Ellsberg [7]). An urn contains 30 red balls, and 60 green and blue balls, in unspecified proportions; subjects are asked to compare (i) a bet on a red draw vs. a bet on a green draw, and (ii) a bet on a red or blue draw vs. a bet on a green or blue draw. If the subject wins a ...
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Tumors employ various mechanisms to escape elimination by the immune system. In addition to the local induction of immunosuppressive cell types such as regulatory T cells or myeloid derived suppressor cells, tumor antigen shedding into the circulation may suppress antitumor CD8(+) T-cell function via tolerogenic liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.
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The dynamical behaviour of the forced escape oscillator, which depends on the parameter values we considered, have been studied numerically using the techniques of phase portraits and Poincar'{e} sections. Also, we employed perturbation methods such as Lindstedt's method to obtain the frequency-amplitude relation of escape oscillator.
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I explore some of the issues that arise when trying to establish a connection between the underspecification hypothesis pursued in the NLP literature and work on ambiguity in semantics and in the psychological literature. A theory of underspecification is developed ‘from the first principles’, i.e., starting from a definition of what it means for a sentence to be semantically ambiguous and from...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Intereconomics
سال: 1975
ISSN: 0020-5346,1613-964X
DOI: 10.1007/bf02929272